# Advancing Earth System Models to increase understanding of Earth system change
EUACC page: https://www.euacc.ai/calls/HORIZON-CL5-2025-06-D1-02
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## Public content

**topic id:** HORIZON-CL5-2025-06-D1-02
**call id:** HORIZON-CL5-2025-06
**title:** Advancing Earth System Models to increase understanding of Earth system change
**programme:** Horizon Europe
**cluster:** CL5
**status:** closed
**deadline date:** 2025-09-24T00:00:00+00:00
**deadline model:** single-stage
**start date:** 2025-05-06T00:00:00+00:00
**url:** https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/portal/screen/opportunities/topic-details/HORIZON-CL5-2025-06-D1-02
**description:** Expected Outcome:
Project results are expected to contribute to all of the following expected outcomes:
• Advanced understanding and capability to predict the future evolution of the Earth system, at global to local spatial scales and from weather to climate timescales, including the socio-economic and environmental impacts of these changes;
• Advanced understanding and capability to predict regional climate variability, including extreme events and regional water cycle, in particular, regional precipitation;
• Strengthened collaboration and cross-fertilisation across available approaches to Earth system and climate modelling science, enabling a joint contribution to the next generation of Earth system models (ESMs);
• Long-term science, modelling and evidence base to support European and international polices are advanced. 
 Scope:
ESMs are the primary tools used for assessing future changes in the climate system. They have increased in their resolution and realism over the past two decades. Despite these advances, there remain several poorly understood and simulated processes, interactions and feedbacks that limit their ability to deliver accurate predictions and projections of global and regional Earth system change, and to aid understanding and quantifying future climate variability. Specially challenging is how variability interacts with extreme events (including compound ones), in particular related to precipitation and water availability (both excess and scarcity).
Actions should address all of the following aspects:
 • Improving the simulation of the coupled Earth system and its sensitivity to natural and anthropogenic forcings, with a better representation of key Earth system and climate feedbacks and processes, including, among others, one or more of the following advances[1]: • The interplay between global change, regional climate variability, and changes in climate and weather extremes;
• Terrestrial-ocean-climate interactions;
• Coupled climate-carbon-water cycle feedbacks;
• Coupled climate-ocean-ice interactions;
• Aerosol-cloud-climate forcing and feedback;
• Climate-vegetation-fire interactions;
• Climate-air quality interactions;
• Interactions between land use scenarios (in terms of changes in the land use and surface, such as those related to carbon dioxide removal, with consequences on the water and carbon cycles, albedo and aerosols) and regional climate.
 
• Increased collaboration across different model development approaches encompassing the range of available model resolutions and model realism.
• Bring together and further improve existing and new observational and reanalysis datasets, models, emulators, and analysis tools to facilitate rapid and in-depth bias identification, model calibration and validation, and evaluation and understanding of model simulations.
 Actions should exploit the opportunities offered by state of art digital technologies such as machine learning, big data analytics or Artificial Intelligence (AI). They should promote the highest standards of transparency and openness, extending to aspects such as assumptions, protocols, code, and data that is managed in compliance with the FAIR principles[2]. Beneficiaries of EU funding are required to publish results data in open access repositories and/or as annexes to publications, and provide full openness of any new modules, models or tools developed from scratch or substantially improved. Projects should take into account, during their lifetime, relevant activities and initiatives for ensuring and improving the quality of scientific software and code.
All projects funded under this topic are strongly encouraged to connect, coordinate, and participate in networking, intercomparison and joint activities to exploit synergies and maximise complementarities between them. They should envisage clustering activities with any other relevant projects (in[3] and outside of Horizon Europe) for cross-projects cooperation and exchange of results. Proposals should earmark the necessary resources for these purposes. Results from relevant past and ongoing projects from previous calls of this Destination and other relevant projects on ESM should be considered and strong feedback and coordination with projects funded under the topics HORIZON-CL5-2025-06-D1-01 “Climate simulations data and knowledge for optimal support of IPCC Assessments and International Policy” and HORIZON-INFRA-2025-01-SERV-02 (area on research infrastructure services to improve the understanding and prediction of future climate changes and their impact) is expected.
International cooperation is encouraged, in particular with the Global South[4], to promote capacity and consensus building, for example, by training early career researchers.
[1] The evaluation will be based on the standard Horizon Europe evaluation criteria, regardless of the number of the aspects covered.
[2] FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable).
[3] For example, relevant projects funded under the Horizon Europe calls Climate sciences and responses.
[4] In absence of a single formal definition of the Global South, the list of low- to middle-income countries automatically eligible for Horizon Europe funding should be used for this purpose – see the Horizon Europe List of Participating Countries on EU Funding and Tenders Portal for up-to-date information
**conditions:** General conditions
1. Admissibility Conditions: Proposal page limit and layout
described in Annex A and Annex E of the Horizon Europe Work Programme General Annexes.
Proposal page limits and layout: described in Part B of the Application Form available in the Submission System.

2. Eligible Countries
described in Annex B of the Work Programme General Annexes.
A number of non-EU/non-Associated Countries that are not automatically eligible for funding have made specific provisions for making funding available for their participants in Horizon Europe projects. See the information in the Horizon Europe Programme Guide.

3. Other Eligible Conditions
The following exceptions apply: subject to restrictions for the protection of European communication networks.

described in Annex B of the Work Programme General Annexes.

4. Financial and operational capacity and exclusion
described in Annex C of the Work Programme General Annexes.

5a. Evaluation and award: Award criteria, scoring and thresholds
are described in Annex D of the Work Programme General Annexes.

5b. Evaluation and award: Submission and evaluation processes
are described in Annex F of the Work Programme General Annexes and the Online Manual.

5c. Evaluation and award: Indicative timeline for evaluation and grant agreement
described in Annex F of the Work Programme General Annexes.

6. Legal and financial set-up of the grants
Eligible costs will take the form of a lump sum as defined in the Decision of 7 July 2021 authorising the use of lump sum contributions under the Horizon Europe Programme – the Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (2021-2027) – and in actions under the Research and Training Programme of the European Atomic Energy Community (2021-2025). [[This decision is available on the Funding and Tenders Portal, in the reference documents section for Horizon Europe, under ‘Simplified costs decisions’ or through this link: https://ec.europa.eu/info/funding-tenders/opportunities/docs/2021-2027/horizon/guidance/ls-decision_he_en.pdf]].

Beneficiaries will be subject to the following additional obligations regarding open science practices: Open access to any new modules, models or tools developed from scratch or substantially improved with the use of EU funding under the action must be ensured through documentation, availability of model code and input data developed under the action.

described in Annex G of the Work Programme General Annexes.

Specific conditions
 described in the specific topic of the Work Programme

Application and evaluation forms and model grant agreement (MGA):
 Application form templates — the application form specific to this call is available in the Submission System
Standard application form (HE RIA, IA) 
Standard application form (HE RIA IA Stage 1) 
Standard application form (HE CSA) 
Standard application form (HE CSA Stage 1) 
Standard application form (HE RI) 
Standard application form (HE COFUND) 

Evaluation form templates — will be used with the necessary adaptations 
Standard evaluation form (HE RIA, IA) 
Standard evaluation form (HE CSA) 
Standard evaluation form (HE RIA, IA and CSA Stage 1) 
Standard evaluation form (HE COFUND) 

Guidance
HE Programme Guide 
Model Grant Agreements (MGA)
HE MGA 
HE Unit MGA 
Lump Sum MGA 
Operating Grants MGA 
Framework Partnership Agreement FPA 
Call-specific instructions 
Detailed budget table (HE LS) 
Information on financial support to third parties (HE) 
Information on clinical studies (HE) 
Guidance: "Lump sums - what do I need to know?"

Additional documents:
 HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 1. General Introduction
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 2. Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 3. Research Infrastructures
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 4. Health
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 5. Culture, creativity and inclusive society
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 6. Civil Security for Society
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 7. Digital, Industry and Space 
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 8. Climate, Energy and Mobility 
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 9. Food, Bioeconomy, Natural Resources, Agriculture and Environment 
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 10. European Innovation Ecosystems (EIE) 
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 11. Widening participation and strengthening the European Research Area 
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 12. Missions 
HE Main Work Programme 2023–2025 – 13. General Annexes 
HE Programme Guide 
HE Framework Programme 2021/695 
HE Specific Programme Decision 2021/764 
EU Financial Regulation 2024/2509
Decision authorising the use of lump sum contributions under the Horizon Europe Programme
Rules for Legal Entity Validation, LEAR Appointment and Financial Capacity Assessment 
EU Grants AGA — Annotated Model Grant Agreement 
Funding & Tenders Portal Online Manual 
Funding & Tenders Portal Terms and Conditions 
Funding & Tenders Portal Privacy Statement
**action type:** HORIZON  Research and Innovation Actions
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          - 2025-09-24
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        **deadline Dates:** 
          - 2025-09-24
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        **budget Year Map:** 
          **2025:** 30000000
        **deadline Dates:** 
          - 2025-09-24
        **deadline Model:** single-stage
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        **min Contribution:** 30000000
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        **budget Year Map:** 
          **2025:** 15000000
        **deadline Dates:** 
          - 2025-09-24
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        **min Contribution:** 7500000
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        **budget Year Map:** 
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        **deadline Dates:** 
          - 2025-09-24
        **deadline Model:** single-stage
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        **min Contribution:** 56000000
        **planned Opening Date:** 2025-05-06
**keywords:** HORIZON-CL5-2025-06-D1-02, HORIZON-CL5-2025-06
**last synced at:** 2026-11-09T17:23:17.403+00:00

## Review record

No independent verification record is available.

## Source metadata